Student Loan Debt Options

Every year, millions of student borrowers throughout the United States are able to access financial aid for their postsecondary education through the Office of Federal Student Aid (FSA). To ensure that you have the most accurate information ahead of resuming your student loan repayments, you can log in to studentaid.gov using your FSA ID. Your FSA ID will include a username and password, which will allow you to access your financial aid information. This is the same ID you used to complete your Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). Once logged in, you should update your personal information and confirm your student loan servicer.

Through studentaid.gov, you will be able to update your personal contact information and confirm your student loan servicer. Your student loan servicer may vary depending on the type of loan you have, (e.g. Direct Federal Family Education Loans (FFEL), Perkins Loans, or private loans) and whether those loans are held by the Department of Education or by a third-party student loan servicer. If you don’t know who your servicer is, you can find out by logging on to studentaid. gov and visiting the “My Loan Servicers” section of your dashboard. That section of the dashboard will also give you the servicer’s contact information. A full list of loan servicers for federal student loans can be found here. Since the student loan payment pause came into effect at the beginning of the COVID-19 emergency, it is possible that your servicer may have changed their name or changed completely to another entity. 

Once you confirm your loan servicer, you should create an account or log in to an existing one via the servicer’s website to review your personal contact information. Your information — such as your mailing address, email address, and phone number — may need to be updated. It is important to keep your contact information current on your servicer account so that they can reach you with important updates.

If you were previously signed up for automatic debit before the payment pause began, you must reauthorize or select automatic debit through your loan servicer account. This will allow your loan payments to be automatically withdrawn from your bank account every month. If you have direct loans, one of the benefits of signing up for automatic debit is a 0.25% interest rate deduction.

You will also be able to view your monthly payment amount and the date that your first payment will be due. Make note of this information to ensure you either proactively make a payment by the deadline or are prepared for the funds to be drawn by auto debit. You should also ensure that you update any banking information.

FSA also makes available various resources that can help you choose the student loan repayment plan that is best for you and your needs.

The contact information your servicer has may be dated and need to be updated. It is important that your servicer has accurate contact information so they can reach you with pertinent updates. You should also review your outstanding balances and accrued interest.

A significant part of navigating student loan repayment is selecting your repayment plan, a decision that will likely be informed by your repayment strategy. Each borrower must determine their repayment plan based on their priorities and overall financial situation. Some borrowers may aim to pay off their loans as quickly as possible, others may wish to have the lowest monthly payment possible, and some may wish to pay the lowest total amount possible over time. When you completed loan exit counseling with your school, you selected a plan to repay your student loans. If you didn’t select a repayment plan, you were automatically placed in the standard plan. It is possible that the plan you were in prior to the repayment pause no longer aligns with your repayment strategy. With the repayment pause ending, this is a great opportunity to consider which repayment plan will best help you achieve your goals. FSA’s Loan Simulator has tools to help you identify the student loan repayment strategy that best meets your goals and provides guidance on decisions, such as whether it would be beneficial to consolidate your student loans.

There are several different repayment plans that borrowers may choose to enroll in. Some repayment plans are solely based on the amount you borrowed, and that amount (plus interest) is divided into equal, fixed installments to determine your monthly payment. Other plans take your income into account when calculating how much you’ll pay each month. These are called income-driven repayment (IDR) plans. In many cases, an IDR plan will provide you with a lower monthly payment than a standard, fixed repayment plan. If you don’t remember which repayment plan, you’re in, you can find it by logging on to studentaid.gov or on your loan servicer’s portal. You can also find information on your outstanding balances, accrued interest, and current monthly payment. If you are considering selecting a different plan, you should research and do a thorough comparison of the various options to identify the plan that best fits your current circumstances. The FSA Loan Simulator on studentaid.gov is an easy way to compare repayment plans that you qualify for, and view estimated monthly payments based on your circumstances and repayment goals. Your loan servicer may also have different repayment calculator tools to help you figure out which plan is right for you. You should call your servicer if you have questions or need additional support in selecting a plan but should be prepared for extended wait times for your call to be answered.

If you decide to change your repayment plan to a non-IDR plan, log on to your loan servicer’s website to initiate the change. If you would like to apply for an IDR plan, you can do so via this page on studentaid.gov. Keep in mind that if you select an IDR plan, you may be asked for additional information to certify your income and family size. If you need additional support in selecting a plan or have questions about the process, contact your loan servicer via phone or chat.

Step 1: Start early and be ready

Step 2: Review your personal budget with a Financial Coach to accommodate student loan payments

Step 3: Be patient and remain diligent. Many loan servicers will be overrun with inquires so it may take a few tries to get ahold of a representative to answer your questions.

Step 4: Keep documentation of your forms, research, etc to help you manage your student loans and ensure you are on track for repayment or forgiveness programs.

Step 5: Stay alert to avoid scams. Unless you initiate contact, you should never share personal information over the phone. Your loan servicer will always initiate communication with you via email.

Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF)     

If you wish to apply for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program at some point in the future, you must be employed by a government or not-for-profit organization and be enrolled in an income-driven repayment (IDR) plan. This page will help you determine if you qualify for PSLF and if you do, you may access the PSLF form here.

Fresh Start Initiative

“Fresh Start” is a Department of Education initiative started by the Biden Administration to help delinquent and defaulted borrowers enter back into repayment in good standing. This initiative will help millions of borrower’s re-enter repayment without any balances that are past due. Borrowers will once again be eligible to receive federal student financial aid to help them complete their studies. You can learn more about Fresh Start and which loans are eligible by using this fact sheet provided by FSA.

One-Time Federal Student Loan Debt Relief

On August 24, 2022, the Department of Education announced a plan for one-time student loan debt relief due to the COVID19 pandemic. The proposal planned to cancel $10,000 in student loan debt for borrowers making less than $125,000 annually (or $250,000 annually as a family). Borrowers who received a Pell Grant while in college and also meet the income requirements may be eligible for up to $20,000 in forgiveness. This debt cancellation will apply for borrowers who have federal loan balances that were disbursed by June 30, 2022. If you made payments to your student loan balance during the pause, you may be eligible to receive a refund up to the remaining amount of cancellation you are eligible for. The one-time debt relief program is currently blocked by court orders and is being considered by the Supreme Court. The Department of Education is not currently accepting new applications, and student loan repayment is set to resume once the courts have resolved the outstanding legal challenges, either 60 days after the court decision or 60 days after June 30, 2023, whichever comes first. Regardless of whether you think you may qualify to have loans canceled through the debt relief program, it is still a good idea to prepare for repayment by following the steps outlined above (such as confirming your contact information with your servicer and selecting the right repayment plan) while we await the outcome of the legal challenges. You can access additional information and timely updates on the debt cancellation program via this page on studentaid.gov.

Loan Forgiveness

There are various loan forgiveness programs that are available for borrowers who meet certain criteria and circumstances.

One-Time Federal Student Loan Debt Relief

Learn more about the Biden administration’s debt relief program that will provide cancellation of up to $20,000 to borrowers if they meet certain criteria, and view timely updates to the program.

Fresh Start

The Fresh Start initiative aims to assist delinquent and defaulted borrowers as they enter back into repayment in good standing.

Public Service Loan Forgiveness Program (PSLF)

The PSLF program is for borrowers in public service who are employed by qualifying employers and meet the qualifying criteria to receive forgiveness.

The Office of Federal Student Aid’s (FSA) “Repaying Your Loans” Booklet

This FSA resource outlines information related to the repayment of federal Direct Loans, Perkins Loans, and FFEL loans.

Income-Driven Repayment (IDR) Plans

Learn more about the four available IDR plans that determine your monthly student loan payment based on your income and family size.

Student Loan Deferment & Forbearance

Deferment and forbearance are options that allow borrowers in short-term financial stress to temporarily stop making payments.

Student Loan Delinquency & Default

Federal student loans become delinquent when a borrower misses a payment. Depending on the type of loan a borrower has, that loan may go into default if the borrower does not make a payment in a certain amount of time. FSA outlines delinquency/default and actions borrowers can take if they believe their loans were mistakenly put in default.